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State of JavaScript 2024

Meta-Frameworks

Frameworks focused on rendering and serving your application

Meta-Frameworks Ratios Over Time

Next.js continues to loom high above the competition in terms of raw usage. Yet looking at retention tells a different story – if not for Gatsby, Next.js would be dead last.

This speaks to the success of Astro and SvelteKit in particular, who so far have managed to keep their users very happy.

Next.js
Nuxt
Gatsby
Remix
Astro
SvelteKit
Docusaurus
SolidStart
Deno Fresh

Mode:

View:

0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%

Other Meta-Frameworks

0%
9%
19%
28%
38%
47%
1

108
2

27
3

27
4

23
5

17
6

17
7

16
8

10
9

9
10

9
11

Other Answers

190
0%
9%
19%
28%
38%
47%
% of question respondents
404
3%

Used at Work

Gatsby may be one of the least loved tools, but it's also the most lucrative – which is most likely due to it being used primarily in large companies.

On the other side of the spectrum, Astro is still at the beginning of its journey towards enterprise adoption, which in turns correlates with lower income.

0%
9%
18%
27%
36%
45%
1

5,035
2

1,835
3

1,442
4

991
5

707
6

602
7

583
8

112
9

111
10

81
11

🚫 None

3,699
0%
9%
18%
27%
36%
45%
% of question respondents
11,261
82%
Which of these tools do you use in a professional context?
We asked members of the JavaScript community to share their “pick of the year”

My 2024 Pick: The Breedling

Web technology isn't just for websites. The Breedling is an in-browser visualisation tool to accompany live music gigs by the band of the same name, mixing video and RIVE animations with WebGL shaders, utilising an old BBC experimental library VideoContext.
We asked members of the JavaScript community to share their “pick of the year”

Salma Alam-Naylor

Live streamer, software engineer, and developer educator

Number of Items

How many items in this category respondends have used (or heard of).

View:

0%
6%
12%
18%
24%
31%
1

0

4,279
2

1

3,848
3

2

2,886
4

3

1,632
5

4

801
6

5

344
7

6

143
8

7

55
9

8

17
10

9

10
0%
6%
12%
18%
24%
31%
% of survey respondents
1.5

Meta-Frameworks Happiness

0
1
2
3
4
2022
2023
2024
0
1
2
3
4
Average
12,044
86%
2.4
2
On a scale of 0 (very unhappy) to 4 (very happy), how happy are you with the current state of meta-frameworks?

Meta-Frameworks Pain Points

Just like React in its own category, Next.js as the leader also takes the brunt of the criticism.

0%
17%
33%
50%
67%
84%
1

Next.js issues

2

Excessive complexity

3

Breaking changes

4

SSR

5

Performance

6

Lack of documentation

7

Deployment

8

Speed of change

9

Frontend and backend integration

10

Vercel

0%
17%
33%
50%
67%
84%
% of question respondents
1,976
14%
What pain points have you encountered when using meta-frameworks?
Freeform

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